0-100KM / h The acceleration time is an important reference indicator of a car acceleration performance. After all, the most speed of the daily speed occurs within this speed interval. Before 20 years ago, the horsepower may be the first element of “Zero Hundred” results. But in the “precision instrument” has evolved to nearly 2021, it can determine the “zero hundred” grades of a car, not only horsepower! Therefore, today I will come to you, what are the factors affecting acceleration on a car, and it is also convenient for future knowledge to improve the direction of the accelerated ability!
horsepower output map
Everyone should know, The engine cannot be output in a constant power output in a wide range of speed as a motor. This also leads that the power graph of the engine is like a mountain, as the speed increases gradually, and then reaches the peak power. And when a peak power occurs, the corresponding speed of the peak power occurs, the combination of the two indicators can be defined as the outlet characteristics of the engine.
Currently mainstream engines, the exploitation characteristics are mainly divided into two categories. One is to compare low-speed power output, that is, the peak power of the engine occurs in a relatively low speed section, and the red line speed of the engine is alsoThe corresponding is lower. The other is currently a relatively rare high turn engine, and its peak power will appear near the engine red line speed. At the same time, the highest speed of the engine will reach 8000 and even higher.
In the case of simply considering the engine factor, the peak power of the engine is the same Under the engine, the engine is more biased towards the high rotation, usually has faster acceleration. This is mainly because the engine’s speed section is long enough, and each gear can have more usage time per gear when accelerating. At the same time, by modifying the teeth than the smaller 1, 2 gears, the vehicle can be allowed to reach the speed of about 110km / h in the 2nd block (such as the red line), avoiding the original need to hang into 3 blocks can break 100 cases, This reduces the acceleration time by reducing the number of shifts.
The above theory is almost suitable for all models, but there is also an exception, which is a model whose horsepower is huge and the speed is not high. In order to avoid the start of the ejection, the rear wheel slip is too serious, and they usually use a 1st gear ratio (speed and higher). In this way, not only reduce the torque of the rear wheel, but avoid serious slip affecting acceleration, but also allows the vehicle to break through the speed of 100km / h at a speed of 100km / h, and maximize the vehicle. ” Broken 100 time. However, this setting is more in the 80s, those sports cars with a 5-speed manual gear. Now in addition to motorcyclesI have rarely set this tooth ratio.
After understanding how to determine the power through a car, Next we can talk to the gearbox for performance and accelerated results. After all, for the current civilian bus, in addition to the hard-selling off-road vehicle, it has rarely encounters the engine that can explode the maximum power in the medium and low speed (the turbine engine is only the maximum outbreak of the low speed). It is also because of this, now truly affects the performance orientation of vehicle, and the acceleration achievement is the transmission!
Just, we have already said that the transmission ratio will be based on the engine The characteristics are different and different. However, the current outability characteristics of the engine are basically more biased towards the speed of the speed. Therefore, according to the reason, the transmission between the various manufacturers should not have too much gap.
It is not the same. Since now the multi-gear gearbox is getting more popular, how to distribute 8-10 gear within a speed of about 100km / h, and become a problem. If the gear is too dense, although it can be hung in the highest gear at a lower speed, the speed of the vehicle will be greatly affected; but if the teeth are too sparse, run to 120km / h legal The speed limit does not hang into the highest block and will not be a bit awkward. So in this large environment, you need to test the gearbox tooth ratio of the manufacturer’s pair, not to mention the relatively appropriate speed drop between each gear.
At present, the typical model can only break through 100km / h after hanging into the 3-stop, that is, the gearbox is in the process of acceleration. It is necessary to transform two gear. However, for a model pursuit of performance, it is generally used to use 2 tobirth tooth ratio adjustment mode, in order to exchange more excellent 0-100km / h accelerated time, such as the March of the Star Sports 6 Trophy manual version, using the teeth, the broken hundred gear is controlled by 2 gear, and finally, the 0-100km / h acceleration time has achieved far more than 7.6 seconds.
At this time, we may wish to reveal the speed of the speed that has not been expected, such as Kadrak CT5 kit up with 237 horsepower, due to its adoption The 10AT gearbox developed with Ford, perhaps to avoid 10 speeds to be high, can be hanging, so in the 0-100km / h accelerated test, CT5 breaks through 100km / h, and it has been used. 4 block. It is precisely because of this chance, eventually leads to this model with 237 horsepower, only 7.8 seconds, the results are not as good as the 181 horsepower, the Horsepower 6 of 7.6 seconds …
In summary, we can find that during the 0-100km / h acceleration process, the fewer change times, the acceleration time of 0-100km / h The shorter it. On the other hand, the more the number of shifters, the more it will affect the time required for the vehicle “breaking hundred”. This huge difference is caused by the shift time of the gearbox.
even is an ordinary consumer, it should also be a certain speed Conceptual. At present, most of the sounds in the market think that the fastest gearbox is double clutch. But in fact, the single-union sequence type of the game is the fastest shift speed of the current shift, which can achieve an amazing 50ms (milliseconds) shift speed, and there is no common double clutch upside down speed inconsistent. However, since the monarchy when the union-transmissive shift shift is too abrupt, it will not be applied to the daily buy vegetable car. 
After the sequence gearbox, the shift speed is all in the double-neutral transmission. CurrentThe level of technology, the shift speed of the double clutch can be done 200ms, and if it is a relatively excellent product, it can even do about 150ms. The shift speed of the AT transmission is basically around 400 ms. That is, if it is also 2 to break the hundred, the double clutch can be 200ms more than the AT transmission, which is 0.2 seconds. Pushing in this class, if it is a more common 3 break, that light is 0.4 seconds!
As for the manual shuttle, the relationship is limited to the skilled degree of the driver, there is a case where the upper limit is not high but the lower limit is extremely low. Typically, the skilled manual block driver can complete a shift at 350-500 ms, while the time difference between 350-500ms, because the walking distance between the manual gear is different, such as 1 2. It is less than 2 to change 3. For CVT gearboxes that do not need shifts, there is no shift speed, but it is subject to another test transmission of key factors – transmission efficiency.
It is well known that the power of the vehicle is mainly through the bite between the respective gears. During delivery, the strength will be lost as long as one is passed. The “transmission efficiency” refers to the ratio of horsepower and engine crankshaft end horsepower of the final vehicle half-axis end (excluding tire). Therefore, if the transmission efficiency of a car is, the smaller the power of its wheel end, the acceleration time will naturally be negatively affected.
Although the double clutch, the manual and the AT transmission are twisted by the highest drive efficiency, but due to the transmission of the AT transmission The medium is a liquid torque converter, and the liquid will lose kinetic energy while flowing, so the AT transmission is also inconsistent with the bite-dead clutch sheet. That is, the double clutch and manual gearbox have a natural advantage in transmission efficiency. 
As for the CVT gearbox, it is another matter. Although the combination of steel strip + cone + liquid torque converter is particularly particularly desirable in terms of transmission efficiency. However, since the CVT gearbox has a function of continuous uninterrupted torsion, the loss of transmission efficiency will be made up of the characteristics that the engine can continue to maintain the highest power output. In the end, even if the theoretical transmission efficiency of CVT is low, it can still help the vehicle get a good acceleration score.
In summary, whether it is a shift speed or transmission efficiency, the optimized dual-clutch speed box has a great advantage, and it is more better to make 0-100km / h accelerated score. Secondly, it is a manual gear and an AT gearbox. The CVT gearbox is very large because of the specificity of the structure, the gap between different products is very large, so it is not good, and it is necessary to discuss each product separately.
After the power dynamic is after the gearbox, it is necessary to consider how to power Release it to the pavement! After all, there is only an excellent acceleration score to be achieved in the end of the road. At this time, it is necessary to rely on the traction of the vehicle.
During the acceleration process, since the vehicle is inertial, the overall weight is biased toward the vehicle rear. Therefore, the weight of the front of the vehicle will be reduced, and the adhesion of the front wheel will be lower than the stationary state of the vehicle. The resulting result is that the former drive cannot fully exert the theoretical limit traction of the vehicle during the acute acceleration process, and the acceleration time of the vehicle will be affected.
and the drum is driven, and it will also be by weight.After sudden relying, harvesting a larger vehicle traction than ever finally gaining better acceleration. However, if the vehicle is too large, the traction limit of the rear wheel will be broken, and there is an idling that affects acceleration. At this time, the four-drive system has highlighted the advantages of acceleration.
In addition to the above hardware systems affect the accelerated performance of the vehicle, The weight of the body is equally affected by the acceleration. Although theoretically heavier body weight can achieve better tire traction, due to the increase in weight, the vehicle needs more power to break through the stationary state, and ultimately drag the acceleration score of the vehicle. So if you don’t want to modify the vehicle, it will be a good solution to the vehicle weight loss. It is also important to note that with the increase in the speed of the vehicle, the body weight is getting smaller and smaller for vehicle acceleration performance, so the vehicle is not less than 100km / h, and the advantage will be more obvious.
Air resistance is measured for 0-100 km / h acceleration for the second second The impact brought is definitely not overlooked. For example, SUV has a large model of air resistance, there will be congenital disadvantages on the accelerated score of 0-100km / h, after all speed up to 100km / h, about 70 percentage of motivation will be used to overcome the wind. Therefore, the wind resistanceA smaller sedan often has better breakfast results at the same power level.
Further, due to the relatively low speed of 0-100 km / h, the lower pressure of the tail of the vehicle is not excited, so like It is a front lip, a side skirt, and the tail and other aerodynamic kits will generate side effects because of their own resistance. The reason why the car is willing to install the aerodynamics suite that will increase resistance on the car because the average speed of the racing competition has to be more than 160km / h, which can inspector enough under pressure. At the same time, it is more important that the racing competition is the need for corner speed of the lower pressure, not the straightness and acceleration.
Actually, the acceleration of a car is like a company, Talking about talents work together. The product manager is stronger, and the person responsible for the execution is also full of white. Product managers and implementation have strong capabilities, but the company system is inefficient. At the same time, the quality of a company cannot be judged by 3 or 5 years. Although some cars do not deliberately engage in “test education” to purely pure purely purely pursuit of 0-100km / h accelerated results, but can be later The acceleration shows a strong rule, is it not “express”?