SkyActiv (SKYACTIV Technology) is not simply a particular automobile technical terms, it is Japan’s Mazda Motor Corporation in October 2010 put forward plans for its 2015 vehicles of the gasoline and diesel engines, the main element of optimization techniques and general term for a manual transmission automatic transmission, chassis, body structure. The technology to Mazda’s long-term goal of technological development “zoom-zoom sustainable Declaration” was the cornerstone, we strive to be “fun to drive” and “outstanding environmental and safety performance” harmonious balance.
1. Chong Chi blue sky Glossary
SkyActiv (SKYACTIV Technology) is not simply a particular automobile technical terms, it is Japan’s Mazda Motor Corporation in October 2010 proposed, planned for 2015 for petrol vehicles of its major components with optimized diesel engine, manual transmission and automatic transmission, chassis, body structure technology in general. The technology to Mazda’s long-term goal of technological development “zoom-zoom sustainable Declaration” was the cornerstone, strive to be “fun to drive” and “Excellent environmental protection, safety performance “harmonious balance.
2. Chong Chi blue sky technology highlights
Chong Chi blue sky gasoline engine introduction
Chong Chi blue gasoline engine (Representative models: SKYACTIV-G type engine)
● high compression ratio
high compression ratio of the piston For internal combustion engine is a double-edged sword, so most improve the compression ratio can improve the efficiency of the engine, and thus enhance the engine performance and reduce fuel consumption, but high compression ratio causes “knock”, but will reduce the efficiency of the engine. the compression ratio of the engine passenger car is generally controlled at 9: 1-11: 1 range, high-performance car 12.5: 1 (e.g., Ferrari V12 engine), but invasive Chi blue Mazda maximum engine compression ratio up to 14: 1 (engine control into the country in 13: 1), and change the Is significantly improved engine efficiency.
● 4-2-1 exhaust system
easy to cause a high compression ratio engine “knock” phenomenon, handled properly will outweigh the benefits. how Mazda engineers do? is to use a 4-2-1 exhaust system redesign, reducing the operating temperature of the cylinder so-called 4-2-1 exhaust system , i.e., four first junction into two separate exhaust manifolds exhaust manifold, the exhaust gas and then together into a manifold manner.
high compression ratio of the pressingNear the compression stroke top dead point temperature rises, initiator and detonation engine output power decreases. Remaining gas cylinders is an important factor leading to the high temperature, the data show that if half the residual gas from 8 percent to 4 percentage, even if the compression ratio increases 3, also knocking does not occur. Therefore this technique to reduce the residual gases by means of the combustion chamber to achieve a high compression ratio.
Usually the exhaust pipe of the engine is relatively short, the exhaust gas due to the impact of harmonics, and the gas has been discharged from the combustion chamber is pushed back, residual exhaust gas temperature is increased. 4-2-1 exhaust system while, on the one hand increases the length of the exhaust pipe, on the other hand the ignition timing of two adjacent pipe spaced apart, substantially possible to reduce the amount of exhaust gas remaining in the full speed range, prevent the occurrence of knocking. Increased length of the exhaust pipe and also increase the area of the engine torque used, but for spatial layout, design engineers become annular exhaust tube. Further, since the length of the exhaust pipe will cause slow temperature increasing catalyst, Mazda solution is solved by delaying the ignition timing.
● porous nozzle, the concave piston crown
In addition, engineers also by using a porous nozzle, the recess top piston cylinder combustion and other measures to improve the environment and prevent further occurrence of knocking. A porous high-pressure injection nozzle, to improve the spray characteristics, a more homogeneous air-fuel mixture, while the mixture formation time is reduced accordingly. Further, taking the top of the piston recess (recessed piston head designed as a hole) may be formed in the richer mixture around the spark plug, the ignition timing can be maintained even if the delayed stable combustion performance.
● weight reduction, reducing the mechanical resistance
structure lightweight, reduce internal friction one is to improve engine performance very effective means. Chong Chi blue gasoline engine is reduced by 50 percent improvement of mechanical resistance of the valve mechanism, the piston ring tension is reduced while reducing the percentage of mechanical resistance 37, and ultimately the overall mechanical resistance of the engine 30 to reduce the percentage. While the position of the piston, a crankshaft connecting rod weight and the like, in order to reduce the inertia of the moving parts of the movement, wherein the piston and the piston pin 20 the percentage of weight loss, weight loss 15 percentage link shaft, crankshaftA main journal percentage weight loss 6-8, the final engine 10 percentage weight loss.
2) create Chi blue diesel engine (Representative models: SKYACTIV-D engine type)
[123 ] Chong Chi blue diesel engine
● lower the compression ratio
the spark plug diesel engine and gasoline engine ignition different, since the in-cylinder compression-ignition, so that compression ratio already high. A high compression ratio of a diesel engine of the compression top dead center temperature and pressure is very high, so the post fuel injection, then appropriate pre-mixed gas ignition has not yet formed. Formation of local nonuniform combustion and generates nitrogen oxides (oxides of nitrogen, referred to as NOx), and the combustion is insufficient to produce carbon monoxide oxidation portion (carbon monoxide, referred to as CO) and particulate matter (particulate matter, referred to as PM).
SkyActiv diesel engine compression ratio will be reduced to 14.0: 1, but also reduce its temperature and pressure. Since the ignition timing is extended, air is mixed with fuel that contributes to the uniform combustion, it is possible to reduce carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, nitrogen oxides, and other solid particulate matter caused by air pollution. Further, since the combustion chamber near top dead center in the injection, combustion, so the work efficiency is much higher than the average compression ratio of the diesel engine higher. Relatively speaking, the lower the compression ratio and the thickness may be reduced into an aluminum cylinder, can mechanically weight. The diameter of the crankshaft main journal shortened from 60mm to 52mm, not only to reduce the 25 percent by weight, mechanical resistance also decreases.
● new mechatronic control module
The transmission when the upshift, the downshift and when, by the electronic control module is to complete. Electronic control module transmission of people like the “brain”, to a large extent determine its shift quality is good or bad. Chong Chi blue automatic transmission with a new one electromechanical control module, can achieve precise control of each gear in order to achieve a fluid and smooth shifting performance.
● Chong Chi blue automatic transmission
AT gearbox is the most mature technology is nowadays the most widely used transmission, but compared to other forms of transmission AT gearbox itself, there are some disadvantages, such as direct drive feel as good as DCT or manual transmission, less fuel consumption and smooth shifting CVT gearbox. And how about that Chong Chi blue sky technology transmission characteristics?
Chong Chi blue automatic transmission
1) expanding the lock range of
[123 ] relative sliding movement of the engine because the torque converter output and the transmission input allows, compared to no manual or DCT transmission gives a good sense of the direct drive, but this is where the most energy transmission. Mazda engineers have designed a new torque converter lock-up clutch greatly expanded the scope to expand the percentage of cash from 64 to 89 percentage 5AT products.
lock range expands, that hard-range connection between the engine and gearbox expanded, for it brings a more direct driving drive sense and improve fuel economy. It sounds simple, but the biggest challenge to expand the range of the torque converter lock-up, face is shifting smoothness and vibration. The engineer is the door to Know? By reducing the torque converter, a multi-plate clutch, the damper spring larger.
due to the expansion of the scope of the lockup clutch, the work environment and requirements of the lockup clutch even higher. Chong Chi blue automatic transmission uses a multi-plate clutch as the control fluid torque converter lockup clutch, so that in conjunction with an electronic control system, will be able to more precisely control the lockup clutch timing.
Meanwhile, in order to reduce noise and vibration (especially at low speed lock) when the clutch is locked, the new transmission also taken damper spring larger. Since the torque converter is only start in the car or low speed work only a small range, and in order to maintain a compact gearbox design of the turbine wheel of smaller groups, while optimizing its mechanism, in order to improve the drive at a low speed effectiveness.
2) The new electro-mechanical control module
The transmission when the upshift, the downshift and when, by the electronic control module is to complete. Electronic control module transmission of people like the “brain”, to a large extent determine its shift quality is good or bad. Chong Chi blue automatic transmission with a new one electromechanical control module, can achieve precise control of each gear in order to achieve a fluid and smooth shifting performance.
● Chong Chi blue manual transmission
with respect to a conventional manual transmission, manual transmission by Chi blue creating a new design to achieve lift shift feel, small the purpose of lightweight. Chong Chi blue sky manual transmission shift travel too short. To achieve a sense of lightness shift operation, it is necessary to solve the problem of shifting stroke and operating efforts are conflicting. Mazda engineers achieved by an improved transmission reduction and the shifting stroke internal splines member.
In further weight reduction, Chong Chi blue before reducing the manual transmission 16 weight percent more, while reducing mechanical friction, improves fuel economy by 1 percentage. 16 percentage weight loss, reduction in those places what? Because a common gear and reverse gear pinion shaft, so cancel the original reverse gear shaft. While using the second speed third speed input gear structure used along the length of the second output shaft 20 is shortened percentage.
● Chong Chi blue body
(1) optimize the body structure
Chong Chi blue linearized using stringers, while the bottom structure more coherent cohesion, such as the central passageway of the side sill directly through the floor to the rear, front side member connected to the bottom side member directly through the rear miter connector, to avoid stress concentration at the bend, while increasing the vehicle body to absorb energy, but also reduce part weight, to reduce the weight.
increasing the spot welding and adhesive usage
In the welding of a vehicle body, to improve the rigidity of the connection, creating body and more Chi blue increased utilization of the current model spot welding and adhesive, such as at the site of cross beams, door parts, like increases underbody joints. Closed annular ring portion, a solder paste used toThe strength of the annular reinforcing structure.
(2) the collision force multipath dispersion
In the event of a crash, can be guided collision impact force is dispersed in various directions transfer, will help enhance crash safety. The position when the front collision, the impact force by the upper, middle and lower three transfer path dispersion.
orthogonal beams
In order to effectively absorb and disperse impact forces, the front side frame Mazda engineers crash box position improved structure for the “cross beam” (i.e., cross-shaped cross section), i.e. increased to 12 by a conventional four-line surface.
Chong Chi blue chassis
(1) before and after optimization of the structure of the sub-frame
(2) in order to achieve lightweight chassis structure, engineers for the front and rear sub-frame structure has been optimized, the rigid reinforcing member which is part of the same time, also reduces the weight. Front subframe the intermediate connecting portion is widened, while reducing the longitudinal distance from the vehicle body lower arm connection points. After the sub-frame is also connected to the widened portion of the intermediate structural member to increase the overall rigidity. After inclination
increasing the front wheel master pin
caster angle for front wheel drive control has a direct impact, in order to control vehicle stability at high speeds, engineers increased caster angle of the front wheel kingpin, but accordingly, at low speeds the steering wheel you may feel relatively heavy.
● the increase drag trailing arm mounting position
after Suspension, mainly to increase the drag of the trailing arm and the vehicle body connection points, in order to change the direction of the rear wheel longitudinal force, so that the suspension easier to absorb vibration in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle when the bumps, to improve ride comfort. The same time as the connection point lifting position, can be well suppressed when the rear wheel brake is moved upward, thereby improving the carryover when braking, reducing the braking distance.
Adopting highThe gear ratio
good driving sense of control and accuracy of the steering wheel can not be separated agility, engineers use a higher steering ratio, while using an electronic power steering. After the aforementioned wheel kingpin angle is increased to improve the stability at high speed, but low speed, the steering wheel will be very heavy. For this purpose Mazda with a new electronic power system (the EPAS), combined with high steering gear ratio, can be realized more direct feedback of the steering wheel, i.e., light in the low speed, high speed and stable steering feel.
Summary:
Mazda SkyActiv by automobile engines, transmissions, body, chassis series of optimization, so the engine performance automobiles , handling, safety and fuel economy of the car to reach a perfect enhance efforts to explore and adapt to the times and Mazda engineers made. 3. Chong Chi blue new mechatronic control module
The transmission when the upshift, the downshift and when, by the electronic control module is to complete. Electronic control module transmission of people like the “brain”, to a large extent determine its shift quality is good or bad. Chong Chi blue automatic transmission with a new one electromechanical control module, can achieve precise control of each gear in order to achieve a fluid and smooth shifting performance.