McPherson suspension (MacPhersan), is now a very common form of independent suspension, the front wheels of the vehicle in most applications. Briefly, the main structure of the McPherson suspension coil spring that is coupled with the shock absorber and the swing arm A composition words, the forward force of the coil spring can be avoided when the shock absorber, rear, left, and right shift phenomenon, limiting the spring only for vertical vibrations, and by the stroke of the shock absorber, the damping and stiffness of coil springs with different performance tuning of the suspension. McPherson suspension biggest feature is the relatively small size is conducive to more compact engine compartment layout. But it is precisely because of its simple structure, it does not provide adequate lateral support efforts, thus turning roll and the brakes are quite obvious nod.
1. McPherson the noun
McPherson suspension (MacPhersan), is now a very common form of independent suspension, the front wheels of the vehicle in most applications. Briefly, the main structure of the McPherson suspension coil spring that is coupled with the shock absorber and the swing arm A composition words, the forward force of the coil spring can be avoided when the shock absorber, rear, left, and right partialShift phenomenon, limiting the spring only for vertical vibrations, and may travel through the shock absorber, the damping and stiffness of coil springs with different performance tuning of the suspension.
2. History McPherson suspension
McPherson suspension is to be a front-engine front-drive (ff) occurs models born of. ff models requires not only the engine to be placed horizontally, but also to increase transmissions, differentials, drive mechanism, steering, front suspension the previous space had to be compressed and sharply deleted, so engineers was to design a space-saving, low cost the McPherson suspension in order to meet the demand for cars.
McPherson (Macphersan) is the name of the inventor of this suspension, he is the Illinois man, born in 1891. After graduation he worked in Europe for many years engaged in aircraft engine and added GM’s engineering center in 1924. 1930s, GM’s Chevrolet company wants to design a really small car, it is the chief architect of McPherson. He was very interested in designing small cars, the goal is to control the quality of this four cars in less than 0.9 tons, control wheelbase less than 2.74 m, the design is the key to suspension. McPherson time before a change of the leaf spring and torsion bar spring suspension prevailing manner, creatively combine shock absorbers and coil springs mounted on the front axle. Practice has proved that this form of suspension structure is simple, small footprint, and excellent maneuverability. Later, McPherson switched to Ford, 1950 Ford in the UK, a subsidiary of the production of two cars, is the first time the McPherson strut business worldGoods vehicles.
3. McPherson suspension structure
McPherson suspension coil spring, a shock absorber, A-shaped lower arm composed of, most of the models will be added stabilizer . Physical structure is damped suspension strut damper and a main pin, the upper and lower prestressing from the receiving body and ground shock jitter, a knuckle (the wheel can be said, because acting on the wheel knuckle) is kingpin rotated; in addition, the main pivot pin can be characterized by the primary pin and the wheel alignment angle position varies with the vertical runout of the wheel, and a small change in wheel alignment, with good running stability.
In McPherson independent suspension, a strut type shock absorber is provided in addition to the damping effect, but also assume the role of supporting the vehicle body, so it must be compact structure and sufficient rigidity, and put after the coil spring damper can also, together with the shock absorber and the spring constitute a spool can be moved up and down. — there is a key component of the A-shaped arm, its role is to provide lateral support for the wheel force, and can withstand the prestressing from the front-rear direction. During movement of the vehicle, the wheel is subjected to impact forces in all directions it is up to the carriage arm strut dampers and the two A-shaped members bear.
4. McPherson suspension disadvantages
The main advantage ●
McPherson suspension has a good response and handling, simple structure, small footprint, low cost, light weight, large engines and arranged for assembly in the vehicle body compact.
Other advantages ●
Other advantages of the McPherson suspension is:
a large effective because of the distance C, effect. force at the connection point E and D of the vehicle body is small;
B only a small distance D between the points G and N;.
c large spring travel;.
[ . 123] d omitted three support;
e the shape of the bottom plate portion is configured easily before the vehicle.
● disadvantages
driving on uneven ground, the wheels easily automatic steering, so that the driver must force holding the direction of the steering wheel, when subjected to severe shocks, the spool is easy caused by bending, thus affecting steering performance. Poor stability, anti-roll and pitching are weak, have eased but can not solve the problem fundamentally stabilizer added later, durability is not high, shock absorbers, oil spills easily replaced periodically.