divided into two categories of electric vehicle batteries, batteries and fuel cells. Applicable to pure electric vehicle batteries, including lead-acid batteries, nickel-based batteries, sodium sulfur batteries, secondary lithium batteries, air batteries. Dedicated to the fuel cell fuel cell electric vehicle, including alkaline fuel cells (the AFC), phosphoric acid fuel cells (a PAFC), molten carbonate fuel cell (the MCFC), solid oxide fuel cell (the SOFC), proton exchange membrane fuel cell ( PEMFC), direct methanol fuel cells (DMFC).
1. Battery Type Description
divided into two categories of electric vehicle batteries, batteries and fuel cells. Applicable to pure electric vehicle batteries, including lead-acid batteries, nickel-based batteries, sodium sulfur batteries, secondary lithium batteries, air batteries. Dedicated to the fuel cell fuel cell electric vehicle, including alkaline fuel cells (the AFC), phosphoric acid fuel cells (a PAFC), molten carbonate fuel cell (the MCFC), solid oxide fuel cell (the SOFC), proton exchange membrane fuel cell ( PEMFC), direct methanol fuel cells (DMFC).
[123.]
2 cell free
into the electrolytic solution by electric vehicle battery:
a alkaline batteries. I.e., the battery electrolyte is an alkaline aqueous solution;
b acid batteries. I.e., the battery electrolyte an acidic aqueous solution;
c neutral battery. I.e., a neutral aqueous electrolyte battery;
d the organic electrolyte solution battery. I.e., the battery electrolyte is an organic electrolyte solution.
according to the present embodiment is divided into the active material:.
A stored on the electrode active material. It can be divided into a primary battery (non-regenerative type, a primary battery) and a secondary battery (regenerative battery);.
b continuously supply electrode active material. Into non-regenerative fuel cells and regenerative fuel cells.
into cells by certain characteristics:
a high-capacity battery;
B maintenance-free battery;
C sealed battery;… .
d resultant fuel cell;.
e battery explosion;.
f button battery, a rectangular battery, a cylindrical battery and so on.
Despite the wide variety of chemical power, versatility, a large difference in shape, so that the unified classification is difficult, but according to their nature and customary storage in different ways, generally divided into four categories:
[ 123] primary battery, also known as “primary battery”, i.e. after the discharge is notIt can be a method for charging a battery recovery. In other words, the battery can only be used once, after discharging the battery can only be abandoned. Such reasons can not recharge the battery, or the battery itself irreversible reaction, or cause a reversible reaction conditions difficult. Such as:
manganese dry battery Zn│NH4Cl · ZnCl2│MnO2 (C)
mercury-zinc cells Zn│KOH│HgO
silver-zinc battery Zn│KOH│Ag2O [ 123]
secondary batteries, also known as the “battery”, i.e. after the discharge of the charging methods available and restoring the active material can be discharged again, and the cycle can be repeated a plurality of times the battery type used. Such a battery is actually a chemical energy storage means with sufficient direct current to the battery, when electric energy stored as chemical energy in the battery, discharge, chemical again converted into electrical energy. Such as:
Lead-acid batteries Pb│H2SO4│PbO2
Nickel-cadmium batteries Cd│KOH│NiOOH
nickel hydrogen battery H2│KOH│NiOOH
a lithium ion battery LiCoO2│ organic solvent │6C
zinc-air battery Zn│KOH│O2 (air)
reserve batteries, also known as “cell activation” is positive, the negative electrode active material and an electrolytic solution not in direct contact with the temporary injection of the electrolyte of the battery before use or activation of a cell type other methods. Positive and negative electrode active material of such chemical deterioration or self-discharge of the battery, the electrolyte solution due to isolation are substantially excluded so that the battery can be prolonged storage. Such as:
a magnesium-silver battery Mg│MgCl2│AgCl
Calcium heat battery Ca│LiCl-KCl│CaCrO4 (Ni)
Lead perchlorate battery Pb│HclO4│ PbO2
of the fuel cell, also known as the “continuous cell”, i.e., as long as the active substance is continuously injected into the cell, it can be a long-term continuous type battery discharge. It is characterized by cell itself is only a carrier, as the fuel cell when electrical power is a need for a battery into the reaction cell from the outside. Such as:
A hydrogen fuel cell H2│KOH│O2
hydrazine air battery N2H4│KOH│O2 (air)